「一般来说,以赛博开头的词意味着『我不知道我在说什么,或者我在愚弄和迷惑你。』」
wen|like
1985 nian,weilian·jibusenyongxiaoshuo《shenjingmanyouzhe》debanshuimaileyitaidazhede apple ii,jieguofaxianzheitai「pingfan」dejiqiyutaxiaoshuozhongduidiannaodekuangyexiangxiangdaxiangjingting:
我看到的是一台安装了一块维多利亚时代的微小发动机的东西,就像一台老旧的留声机……
zaicizhiqian,zheiweikehuanzuojiacongweiyongyouguozijidediannao,erqie「duidiannaoyiwusuozhi」,zaigousihexiezuotabixiayijisuanjijishuweijichudeweilaishijieshi,jibenzhinengyikaojianwenhexiangxiang。
pingjiezheduidangshijisuanjijishushuipingdewuzhi,jibusenzainaohaizhongfaminglexuanmudesaibokongjian,bingyiqikehuanjiezuo《shenjingmanyouzhe》,diandinglecong《gongqiaojidongdui》dao《2077》junyuyanyongdesaibopengkemoban,chengweilejintianmeitimobaide「saibopengkezhifu」。
「绝对没有任何意义」
zuoweiyige 1980 niandaizouhongzhijindekehuanleixing,suowei「saibopengke」jiujingyingdangruhedingyi,shiyulunshizhongzhenglunbuxiudewenti。
shishishang,「saibo」benshenjiushiyigehanyimohudeci,qihanyikeyishi「kongzhilun」「jixie」「fangsheng」,yekeyishi「dianzi」「shuzi」「jisuanji」「wangluo」。
1948 nian,meiguotiancaixuezhenuobote·weinachubanlezijizuizhimingdezhuzuo<cybernetics>(zhongyiming《kongzhilun》),fubiaotiwei「huoguanyuzaidongwuhuojiqizhongkongzhihuotongxindekexue」。
18 suichengweihafoboshi、yongyoushuxuehezhexuexueweideweina,cengzaihuiyiluzhongxiedao,tasuoweide cybernetics shi「yizhongduirenlei,duirenleiguanyuyuzhouheshehuidezhishidequanxinchanshi」。tashiguanyu「jiqidetongyonglilun」,shejizidonghua、jiqiren、gongchengxue、jisuanjikexue、shengwuxue、shenjingshengwuxue、zhexuedenglingyu。
churenyiliaodeshi,zheibukexuezhuanzhuyichubanjiujishouhuanying,zhengrutuomasi·ruidesuoshuo:
控制论一经出现,不仅立刻吸引了工程师们,同时还吸引了大批的科学家、企业家、学者、艺术家和科幻小说作家。甚至是江湖骗子和励志大师也发现了这种以目标为驱动的东西所蕴含的力量。
zhengge 1960 niandai,kongzhilundoushiremenlingyu,《niuyueshibao》pinglunshuo,ta「zaishijigebutongdekexuelingyuzhijianyinfagongming」。
cybernetics zhongdede「cyber」(saibo),bujiujiuyanshengchuledaliangxinci。
1955 nianfulanke· laili(frank riley)xieleyibenjiao《saibohefuermosidafaguan》(the cyber and justice holmes)dekehuanxiaoshuo,diyicijiang「cyber」danduchouchushiyong,zhideshiyizhongjiqifaguan。
zai 1960 niandeyifenkexuebaogaozhong,zechuxianleyigejiaosaiboge(cyborg)deci,tade cyb laizi cybernetic(kongzhilun),org laizi organism(shengwu、youjiti)。
zaizheipianmingwei《yaowu、taikonghekongzhilun:saibogedejinhua》debaogaozhong,zuozhemanfuleide·kelaiensiheneisen·kelaienchanshulebayuhangyuangaizaochengsaibogedexiangfa。lingyipianmingwei《saibogehetaikong》dewenzhangzhong,tamenzhanshileshijieshangdiyizhangsaibogedezhaopian:yizhiweibuzhiruleshentoubengdexiaobaishu。
saibogedegainianzai 60 niandaichengweikehuanjiedexinchong,chuxianzaigeshizuopinzhong,biru 1966 niandedianshiju《shenmiboshi》,1972 niandexiaoshuo《saiboge》,1973 niandedianshiju《wudijingang》,yiji 1976 niandedianshiju《wudinvjingang》。
cihoujishinian,yisaiboweiqianzhuidecihuiyuelaiyueduo,yanjiuzheneigeercengzuoguotongji,dao 1994 nianshiyousaiboxingchengdeciyou 104 ge。
· 另一位研究者 D. 加里·米勒统计的以赛博为前缀的词汇
yucitongshi,tadeyiyiqueyuelaiyuemohu。
《niuyuezazhi》(new york magazine)pinglunshuo:「saibozhenshiyigewanmeideqianzhui。meirenzhidaotadeyisi,suoyitanengjiadaorenhejiucishang,rangqikanqilaihenxin、henku —— yincixiandeqiguai、guiyi。tayehenduan,zheishitagengrongyidengshangsanyingcungaodexiaobaotouban。」
yusaiboyouguandeshiwujihugouchengle「saiboxiejiao」,taide·niersen(ted nelson)fengcidao:「yibanlaishuo,yisaibokaitoudeciyiweizhe『wobuzhidaowozaishuoshenme,huozhewozaiyunonghemihuoni。』」
1980 年代初,威廉·吉布森也是在类似心态下创造出了「赛博空间」一词:「当我注视着这一用红色记号笔写在黄色便签本上的单词时,我的全部喜悦都是由于它绝对没有任何意义。」
zhengshitachuangzaodezheigehaowuyiyidegainian,rang「saibo」zheigecizaiweinaxueshuozaoyiguoqide 1980 niandaizhongxinjueqi,zhijinyongyouwangshengdeshengmingli。
zuoweisaiboyicideshizu,weinabingbuxihuanzheiyangdehechengci,zaiqushideqianyinian(1963 nian),tazaiyifengxinlixiedao「zheixiehunchengcicuowudichunulewo,tamenduiwolaishuo,jiuxiangyouguidianchezaishengxiudetieguishangzhuanwanfashengdeciersheng。」
赛博如何朋克
1982 nian,weilian·jibusenfabiaoleduanpianxiaoshuo《zhengkuageluomi》。
xiezheipianxiaoshuoshi,jibusenyaowei「jiqineibudekongjian」qiyigemingzi,taxiangdaole「shujukongjian(dataspace)」、「xinxikongjian(infospace)」。
zheixiedoubuheshi,tashuo「woxiangyaolingyigeguodudeganjue,yizhongrichangshenghuozhongdezhudongkongzhigan,woxunzhaoxianshizhongdelinglingsuisui,jiangtamenpincouchengwoxuyaodewutai。」
zuihou,yigemingzimaolechulai —— saibokongjian。
zheigecidezhenzhengliuxing,shiyinweijibusenliangnianhoudezuopin《shenjingmanyouzhe》(neuromancer)。zheigeshumingshiyigesanzhongshuangguanyu,hanyiwei nervous system(shenjingxitong)、necromancer(silingfashi)he new romancer(xinlangmangushizuojia)。
· 《神经漫游者》是一部将传奇和神秘元素注入技术幻想的作品,当时还是电脑盲的吉布森以信息密度极高的文字,描述了技艺高超的赛博空间「牛仔」,无法无天的夜之城,大量改造身体的人类(赛博格),以及神通广大的人工智能
zai 1980 niandai,wulunshishangyegongsihaishikehuanxiaoshuo,saibokongjianjibenchengweilexunixianshi(virtual reality)jishudedaimingci。
zheizhongjishuyuanzi 70 niandaichumeiguokongjundeyanjiu,80 niandaichuliuruminjian。zhongduogongsitoushenxunirechao,daole 80 niandaimoyijingyouleyongyuxunixianshideyanjing、toukui、shoutao。
dangshi,xuduorenbaxunixianshibizuozhihuanji,liangzheyouyigexiangtongdemude:taoliroushenzheilaolong。renmenxiangxinxunixianshihenkuaijiuhuipuji,meigerendounenghuodeqiansuoweiyoudechenjinshitiyan,dangshishenzhichuxianyigezhuanmendeshuyu:「saibomihuan」(cyberdelic)。
raner,tamencuole。dangshidejishubuzuyigoujianchengshudexunixianshihuanjing,zheiyirechaozai 90 niandaizhongqizhujianxiaotui。cihou,saibokongjiandeyiyiyoulebianhua,tajihuchenglehulianwangdedaimingci。
buguo,zuoweisaibopengkezhifu,weilian·jibusenbingweizhenzhengfaming「saibopengke」yici,zheigerongyushuyubulusi·beisike。
1980 nian,beisikebianzaidaxueshangke,bianzai radio shack deshangdianlimaigerendiannao。youyici,yibangshiduosuidexiaohaipohuaileshangdiandiannaodeyanshichengxu,liuxiayiduanrangtagandaojingqidedaima。
tayoucixiangdao,jianglaihuichuxiandiyidaizhenzheng「huishuodiannaohua」deqingshaonian,tamenzhongdeyibufenyongyougaochaodediannaojishu,danquefadaodeyishi。
dangshijijufankangyishidepengkeyinlezhengzailiuxing,zuoweiyigewanmonihechengqideyinleren,yigejingtongdiannaodekehuanzuojia,beisikejiangsaibo(cyber)hepengke(punk)lianggecizuhezaiyiqi —— saibopengke(cyberpunk)danshengle。
beisikefaming「saibopengke」zhishiweiyizhongjiaoseleixingmingming,tadedingyishi:「yigenianqingde、jishubuchengshude、daodekongxude、jingtongdiannaodepohuaizhehuozuifan。」
taxieleyibenmingwei《saibopengke》deduanpianxiaoshuo,jiangdeshiyibangshijisuizaiwangshanggaopohuaideqingshaonian。beisikebaxiaoshuotoujile《aximofukehuanxiaoshuo》zazhi,bianjiqiaozhi·xisesi(george scithers)jujueleta,yinweiyiweijisuanjizhuanjiarenweixiaoshuodexiangfashihuangmiude。
suihoubeisikebazheipianxiaoshuotoujilesuoyoukehuankanwu,liangnianzhihou,《jingqigushi》(amazing storie)debianjijuedingshouxiata。youqudeshi,zheigebianjijiushiyiqianzai《aximofukehuanxiaoshuo》dexisesi。
zuizhong,《saibopengke》fabiaozai 1983 nian 11 yuede《jingqigushi》shang。
beisikerenweizijibushisaibopengkeleixingdechuanglizhe,shi《shenjingmanyouzhe》dingyilezheige「yundong」。takaiwanxiaoshuo,chulejizheigeleixingqimingzhiwai,zijidezhuyaogongxianshichuangzaoleyigeliuzhezisemoxiganfaxingdedianxingheikepengkexingxiang。
saibopengkeyicigangchuxianshi,yequeshibingbuzenmetebie,60 niandaiyilai,yijingyoutaiduoyisaiboweiqianzhuidecihui。
1984 niandi,chuanqikehuanxiaoshuobianjijiadena·duozuoyisi(gardner dozois)jiangyixiexinchuxiandezuopinguileiweisaibopengke,zicizhihou,saibopengkecaizuoweiyigeliupaiweirensuozhi。
zheiyipaibiezaoqidedaibiaorenwubaokuobulusi·sitelin(bruce sterling)、yuehan·xueli(john shirley)、ludi·lake(rudy rucker)、liuyisi·xina(lewis shiner)dengdeng。
为什么赛博朋克长这样
saibokongjian、wangluoniuzi、ribenyuansu、dixiashijie、weijinyaowu、pijiake、fanguangtaiyangjing、guaiyidefaxing、rentigaizaohezhiruwu、quanlijudadekejigongsi ——《shenjingmanyouzhe》zhongdezheixieshiwujihuchengweisaibopengkedejibensheding。
saibopengkedezhujiaowangwanghejibusenbixiadekaisi(case)leisi,tongchangshihunjishehuidiceng、zhangwogaochaojinengdexiaorenwu。
dianxingdesaibopengkegushiyibanshi「fanzhuliuwenhuadefeizhengtongzhujiao,zaiyigegaokeji、feirenhuadeweilaixianrukunjing」,bulusi·sitelin(bruce sterling)gaikuowei:「xiaceng(renwu)shenghuoyugaokeji」(lowlife and high tech)。
buguo,saibopengkebushiyigerendechengguo,tashi 80 niandaichujigewenhualangchaodehuihe,zhengrutuomasi· ruidesuoshuo:「zaijishuhelianwangdejisuanjitongsiweikuozhan、mihuanji、yinle、shishangxiangyudeguguaijiaochakou,yongxianchuleyizhenggeyawenhua。」
ruguoshuobeisikejilesaibopengkexingming,jibusendazaoletaquti,neime《yinyishashou》(blade runner)zeniechuletadewaixing。
zheibudianyingyouleideli·sikete(ridley scott)zhidao,yu 1982 nianshangying。
《yinyishashou》jianlilesaibopengkedemeixuebiaozhun:yinyutian,pojiu、zangluan、yinan、xiazhaidejiedao,gaodamijidejianzhu,pengkezaoxingderenwu,suichukejiandenihongdengzhaopai,ribenrenhezhongguorenkaideshangdian,qiangshangdehanzituya,kongzhongchuansuodefeixingqichehedazhetanzhaodengdejuxingfeiting,judapingmushangbofangderibenguanggao。
zhengru《kehuanxiaoshuobaikequanshu》(encyclopedia of science fiction)suoshuo,zheixiejiushi「saibopengkechangjingdemoban」。
《yinyishashou》gaibianzifeilipu·dike(philip dick)1968 niandexiaoshuo《fangshengrenhuimengjiandianziyangma?》(do androids dream of electric sheep?),yincidikeyebeishiweisaibopengkedeqiyuan。
buguolianggezuopinyouhenduobutongzhichu,dianyingpaoqileyuanzhuzhongailaotaodelaopo、xujiademosezhuyi、nuoruoshanliangdetezhangrenyixiduoer,yijijuyouxunixianshitezhengdegongmingxiang。
dianyingjianhualeyuanzhudegushi,zengtianledaliangyuanzhuzhongmeiyoudeshijueyuansu,ruyadang·luobocisuoshuo,《yinyishashou》shiyi「yizhongbaikequanshushideshijuemeixuequsheng。」
daole 80 niandaimo,meitiderepengjiangsaibopengkebianchengyigeshimaocihui,xiangsidezuopinyigejieyigechuxian。
aosen·sikete·kade(orson scott card)fengcidao:「saibopengkezuizaogaodedifangzaiyumofangtaderendefuqian。zaidanao-xinpianjiekousashangyidianyaowu,hunheyixiehanhude 60 niandaifanzhuliuwenhua,zaishiyongjiaoqingzuozuodeyuyan,nijiudedaolesaibopengke。」
shijishangbaokuojibusenzaineidebushaozuozhezaozaotuolilezheigepaibie,yuanyinkenengru《jianqiaokehuanwenxueshi》suoshuo:「saibopengkechangjingyijingshiguanggaodechencilandiao。」
jinru 90 niandai,saibopengkedeshitouyiburuzhiqianqiangjing,youdepinglunjiashenzhirenweisaibopengkeyijingsiwang。
xianran,saibopengkemeiyousiwang,shijiegeguobuduanyouxiangguanzuopindansheng,yixilieyanshengleixingyefenfenchuxian,ruzhengqipengke、chaiyoupengke、shengwupengke。
jishiyuanchuangxingwenxuezuozheyijingdaliangyuanlilezheiyiliupai,tayehaishijixuzaiyingshi、dongman、youxidenglingyukaihuajieguo,yizhiyujintianderenmenyijinghenshaohuixiangqi,tazuichushiyigeduomequefazhuanyechangshidehuanxiang,jishishianzhaokehuandebiaozhun。
zhuyaocankaoziliao:
[1]jiqijueqi:yishidekongzhilunlishi - tuomasi· ruide
[2]kongzhilun:huoguanyuzaidongwuhejiqizhongkongzhihetongxindekexue - nuobote·weina
[3]jianqiaokehuanwenxueshi - aidehua·zhanmusi、fala·mendeersong
[4]kehuanxiaoshuoshi- yadang·luoboci
[5]xifangkehuanxiaoshuoshi - bulaien·aoerdisi、daiwei·wengeluofu
[6]caitukehuanbaike - yuehan·kelute
[7]shuziwutuobang:congfanzhuliuwenhuadaosaibowenhua - fuleide·tena
[8]xinxijianshi - zhanmusi·geleike
[9]yawenhua:fenggedeyiyi - dike·hebodige
[10]the etymology of "cyberpunk" - bruce bethke
[11]cyberpunk - encyclopedia of science fiction
[12]where does the word cyber come from? - taylor coe
[13]the bizarre evolution of the word "cyber" - annalee newitz
[14]cybernetics - britannica
[15]cyberpunk - britannica
[16]punk - britannica
[17]cyber - online etymology dictionary
xiangguan:
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